What is distorting osteoarthritis of the hip joint and why it happens
The osteoarthritis of hip joint (also known as coxarthrosis and distorting osteoarthrosis of hip joint) is one of the most diagnosed pathologies of the bone muscle system.In Russia, this disease is a cause of main disabilities in people with joint diseases.
For reference
Coksartrose is a chronic inflammation of the hip joint, which is characterized by premature destruction of cartilage, the narrowing of the joint deviation and a decrease in the mobility of the leg of the lesion.
In figurativeness, the problem of a person with osteoarthritis of the hip joint can be compared to a door whose loops are not lubricated.Due to the absence of "lubrication" inside the joint, the bones begin to come into contact, which causes pain and stress (like a cries and a tight course of the door).Later, if the disease is ignored, the growths ("rust") occur on bone surfaces, which are increasingly limiting movements in the articulation, and with an unfavorable result, it ceases to fulfill its function.
It is generally believed that osteoarthritis of the hip joint is an age problem.Statistics confirm this point of view: after 40 years, such a diagnosis has been made one of the ten, after 60 years - one of the three patients, and in those who are 70% of cases for 70. But often, thigh pain leads to the Orthopedia and Young Office.
Thus, among the causes of osteoarthrosis of the hip joint, the most important following are distinguished:
- Innoped development (dysplasia) of the joint, which may not show itself before adulthood;
- Premature wear of the joints that occur due to intensive loads in athletes or in obesity;
- injuries and infections affecting the musculoskeletal system;
- Other diseases of the musculoskeletal system, which lead to a pathological redistribution of the load on the joints;
- Blood supply violation of the joint (for example, due to vessel atherosclerosis).
Doctors believe that a combination of factors leads to osteoarthritis of the hip joint, therefore, in people with a predisposition to this disease, the pathological process occurs earlier, as in patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus or ischemic damage to the heart.
Coxarthrosis symptoms
The first sign of osteoarthritis is pain after physical activity.Unpleasant sensations occur both in the inguinal region, therefore in the thigh and the knee.
It is important
Often, with coxarthrosis, the pain is initially concentrated in the knee joint and a person addresses the doctor with such a complaint.An inexperienced doctor can prescribe an X -ray of this area and, if there are minor changes, make an erroneous diagnosis - 1st degree gonartrose.As a result, time will be missed.Therefore, with pain in the leg, it is worth spending time looking for a competent orthopedic doctor and a good orthopedic clinic.
If coksartrose is not launched to treat the first stages, the following symptoms join the pain: stiffness and crunchy in the joint, a change of approach (often to avoid unpleasant sensations, patients unfold the leg outward and transmit while walking from one side to the other - a "duck" approach is formed), the lip.Over time, the pathological process leads to the atrophy of the hip muscles and the visual shortening of the sick member.In the last stages, osteoarthrosis of the hip joint turns into ankylosis - the complete framing of the femur with a basin, which is why the leg is fixed in a position and only accomplishes the support function.
Degree of illness
For the convenience of diagnostics, doctors distinguish three degrees of coxarthrosis:
- 1 degree of osteoarthrosisThe hip joint is defined with manifestations of moderate pain and the absence of constraint in movements.With radiography, a small narrowing of the joint gap and simple bone growths, osteophytes are significantly a small narrowing.Subject to adequate treatment, 1st degree coxarthrosis can be stopped by eliminating the symptoms of the disease.
- 2 degree of coxarthrosisIt is accompanied by painful pain even in the rest of the leg.The movements of the joint are difficult: a person cannot lift and take the leg on the side.The pain is particularly visible when you try to unfold the foot of the straightened leg to the right and to the left.The patient is lame, sometimes a crunch is heard in the joint.In X -ray images - deformation of the femoral head, many osteophytes and narrowing of the joint gap by thirds.Therapeutic measures make it possible to suspend the course of the disease for many years.
- HAS3 degrees of coxarthrosisThe pain in the joint does not calm down around the clock, the atrophy of the thigh and buttock muscles develops - the whole body of a person seems biased towards the lesion.The X scratch indicates a deep deformation of the joint and the narrowing of the space difference until the complete connection of the bone surfaces.The therapeutic approach, as a rule, does not give a tangible effect - a joint replacement for a prosthesis is necessary.
For the diagnosis of distorting osteoarthritis, it is used as an external examination, in which the doctor studies the mobility of the leg, assesses the approach and the appearance of the patient, as well as the radiography.In doubt in the accuracy of the diagnosis, the specialist also prescribes a direction for magnetic resonance tomography (MRI) of the hip joint.
How to treat osteoarthritis on hip joint
The fight against cokesartrose requires the involvement of various methods: drugs and physiotherapy exercises in joint and surgery joints, which is generally prescribed for unsuccessful attempts to put the development of the disease.
Preservative
Non -surgical treatment requires time and financial costs, but it can improve the quality of the patient's life in the long term - to cancel the need for surgery.The first thing that an orthopedist prescribes coksartrosis is drugs that relieve pain and inflammation (non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxing).To activate blood supply in the field of osteoarthritis and restore cartilage fabric, vasodilating drugs and chondroprotectors are prescribed.In addition, the patient can offer a modern methodology to stimulate regenerative processes-plasmolifting, that is to say the injection of the patient's blood components into the pathological home.These measures are the most effective for osteoarthritis of the hip joint of the 1st and 2nd gravity.
Non -surgical treatment methods
In addition to tablets, ointments and injections, treatment of coxarthrosis requires the use of physiotherapy and kines-spoles, as well as the correction of the food.An aid strategy developed by experienced orthopedics allows people with 1 and 2 degree of osteoarthritis of the hip joint to avoid endoprosthetics and limit the need for drugs.
Physiotherapy
- Shock therapy (UVT)It is used in cardiology, neurology, orthopedics and sports medicine.The basis of the effect on the body is the sound waves which provide a blood flow to the desired area of the body, which stimulates the processes of regeneration and accelerates metabolism.This relatively new method already shows significant results in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and becomes one of the most popular.
- MyostimulationIn case of coxarthrosis, it aims to restore muscle functioning, weakened due to a forced restriction of movements in the joint.
- PhonophoresisIt combines the advantages of ultrasound and effects on the drugs on the body: under the influence of the device, a pharmaceutical drug in the form of ointment or cream penetrates more effectively through the skin to the hip joint.
- OzonotherapyReduces unpleasant sensations and activates the growth of cartilage due to the properties of the ozos-acid mixture.
Kines Nichotherapy
- Exercise therapyIt is considered as the basis of the successful treatment of osteoarthritis of any location: the regular implementation of a special exercise system reinforces ligaments and muscles around the painful articulation, which reduces discomfort with the usual daily charges.
- Massage(including lymphatic drainage) and manual therapy target passive work with muscles, ligaments and joints.The approaches used to help people with coxarthrosis to reduce the need for tablets and injections, which reduces pharmacological load on the body.
- MechanotherapyThis involves working with simulators who help exercise the joint without significant physical efforts, which is particularly in demand in advanced patients.
- SpouseWith the help of a special traction device or the hands of a manual therapist, it increases the space inside the joint, which "throws" the pathological process several steps back, facilitating the symptoms and giving the body time to restore the function of the hip joint.
Diet
All patients with coksartrose are necessary, but the most important for patients with obesity.Weight loss reduces the load on the fiery joint and improves metabolism.In combination with other conservative methods, a balanced diet allows you to forget the pain and other manifestations of osteoarthritis of the hip joint.
Surgical treatment
This group includes procedures carried out by a surgeon in the operating room.All, with the exception of the perforation of the hip joint, require hospitalization and a multi-house recovery period.With 3rd degree coxarthrosis, when conservative treatment does not bring relief, only prostheses help save the patient from discomfort and pain, making it the joy of movement.
- Puncture (mini-invasive intervention)This implies the pumping of the excess liquid joint, which relieves pain and improves the mobility of the leg.It can be done several times, in particular when prescribing steroid drugs.
- Arthroscopic debateIt implies the purification of the inner surface of the joint from the fragments of the fabric of the altered cartilage and washing its cavity with a therapeutic solution to relieve inflammation.This operation is carried out by several perforations, without opening the joint cavity.
- Hemial osteotomy- An artificial fracture of the femur, followed by its box from a different angle, which reduces the load on the joint.Such an intervention cannot be called Panacea - after 2 to 5 years, the pain returns, but under certain conditions where the endoprosthetic is impossible, the osteotomy of the perioster of the hip is the best solution to the problem of coxarthrosis.
- Endoprostheticsmeans a complete replacement of the joint for a prosthesis, which can be used up to 20 years.Despite the complexity of the intervention, it is well tolerated by patients of different ages who are ready for active rehabilitation after surgery.Surgeons note that an important condition for success is the preliminary treatment of obesity and the use of kines-/hape methods in order to restore muscle force surrounding the joint.
Prevention of osteoarthritis of hip joint is important for people after 40 years, athletes and parents of people with already diagnosed coksartrosis or a fracture of the femoral neck.Doctors recommend that the risk group monitor the figure, beware of injuries (for example, wear in winter shoes on non-slippery soles) and regularly engages in physical form.During the first symptoms of osteoarthritis of the hip joint, immediately turn to orthopedics.The treatment of the disease should be detained with a specialized doctor, experienced and attentive to any change in the patient of the patient.